MARY ELIZABETH BARNICLE - TILLMAN CADLE COLLECTION
1935-c. 1955, 1989

East Tennessee State University
Archives of Appalachia
Box 70295
Johnson City, Tennessee 37614

E-mail: archives@etsu.edu
Telephone: (423) 439-4338

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Introduction
• Administrative Information
• Biographical Note
• Scope and Content
• Series and Subseries Descriptions
• Box, Folder, and Disc List
• Subject Index
• Song Title Index
• Stories and Tales Index
• Artist Index
• Geographic Index

INTRODUCTION

ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION

Provenance: The Mary Elizabeth Barnicle-Tillman Cadle Collection was donated to the Archives by Tillman Cadle, Townsend, Tennessee on October 6, 1989. The collection was opened for research in May 1992.

Access: None of the recordings shall be used for commercial gain. Only East Tennessee State University, through the Center for Appalachian Studies and Services, the Archives of Appalachia, and WETS-FM may disseminate this material, at no cost to the public, via public broadcast services. For further explanation of restrictions, contact the Archives of Appalachia.

Processing Information: Processing of the collection was completed in 1991. At that time, audio tapes and discs were dubbed by Tim Stafford and Charles Moore. The following persons processed the collection: Marie Tedesco, Tim Stafford, Charles Moore, Georgia Greer, and Norma Myers. With support from the National Historical Publications and Records Commission, preservation masters and public-use copies were made of the instantaneous discs in 2002.

BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

Tillman Cadle was born on June 27, 1902 in Bryson, Tennessee to Letitia and Joseph Cadle. When Cadle was a young boy, his family moved to Bell County, Kentucky, where he began work as a trapper boy in a coal mine in Fonde, Kentucky. By 1917, when Cadle was working in Fonde, the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) organized the Kentucky coal fields. Cadle joined the union but was not very active until 1930 when he helped organize in Harlan County, Kentucky, where, years before, operators had broken the miners' union. He remained active until 1935 when he sustained a shoulder injury.

Cadle was unable to get satisfactory medical care for his shoulder and thus, upon the urging of his friend Jim Garland then living in New York City, Cadle journeyed to the city to have surgery on his shoulder. Cadle recuperated at Garland's residence, where he met Mary Elizabeth Barnicle, who then was teaching folklore at New York University. Barnicle and Cadle discovered they both were interested in collecting ballads. Thereafter, when Barnicle planned a trip to the South to collect ballads, she told Cadle, who would contact people for her to record. During this period (1935-50), Cadle traveled between New York City and Kentucky, staying for extended times in both locales, where he (at times with Barnicle) made field recordings of folk artists.

Cadle and Barnicle married around 1936, but apparently until United States entry into World War II in 1941, they lived apart for periods of time, with Barnicle staying in New York City and Cadle in Kentucky. Shortly after Japan's bombing of Pearl Harbor brought the United States into World Ward II, Cadle, who was living in New Jersey, moved to Vancouver, British Columbia (Canada) to work in the shipyards. While there he contracted pneumonia and, thus, returned to the East, where he found work at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. After the war ended, Cadle moved to Middlesboro, Kentucky and in 1949 to Rich Mountain Gap, near Townsend, Tennessee, not far from Knoxville, where Barnicle had secured a teaching position at the University of Tennessee (UT). Barnicle taught for almost three years at UT. Upon her retirement in 1950, Cadle moved with her to Natick, Massachusetts. The two lived there and in Worcester, Massachusetts until 1971, when they moved back to Rich Mountain Gap. After Barnicle's death in 1978, Cadle stayed in the Rich Mountain Gap home, where he remained interested in folk music and in supporting organized labor. Cadle died on October 22, 1994.

Mary Elizabeth Barnicle was born on April 17, 1891 in Natick, Massachusetts. She attended Natick public schools and, later, Providence Latin School in Providence, Rhode Island. She worked her way through Pembroke College (then the women's college of Brown University) in Providence and graduated around 1911. After graduation Barnicle earned a scholarship to Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. There she studied medieval English literature and earned a master's degree in English. After receiving her M.A., Barnicle embarked upon a teaching career and began work towards her Ph.D. in English literature. By the early 1920s, she had completed her doctoral course work and had written a dissertation. Unfortunately, her major professor died, and Barnicle did not present her dissertation. Officially, then, Barnicle never received her Ph.D.

In the years before 1920, Barnicle became actively involved in the woman's suffrage movement and in the peace movement. Her support of these movements led to her being arrested several times. Throughout her life Barnicle supported many causes for peace and justice, among them women's rights, African-American rights, labor union organizing and anti-poverty activities.

Barnicle's teaching career took her to England; the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis-St. Paul; Connecticut College for Women in New London, Connecticut; Antioch College in Yellow Springs, Ohio; and New York University (NYU) in New York City. At NYU in the 1930s, Barnicle taught folklore to packed classes. Students responded very positively to Barnicle, who demanded much from her students yet encouraged them to explore and question any topic.

After Barnicle married Cadle around 1936, she kept her teaching position at NYU. She and Cadle apparently lived apart for periods of time, with Cadle in Kentucky and Barnicle in New York. Nonetheless, the two continued to make field recordings. Barnicle recorded in New York City; she and Cadle recorded in Kentucky, East Tennessee, and southwest Virginia.

Barnicle met John and Alan Lomax in New York City in the early 1930s, shortly after the two had returned from their path-breaking field trip to the South. It was on this trip that the Lomaxes first began to collect folk songs and tales which primarily, but not exclusively, documented African-American culture. In New York, the Lomaxes met Barnicle's roommate, Margaret Conklin, who introduced them to Barnicle. The Lomaxes and Barnicle quickly became friends and decided in 1934 that in the near future they would go on a field trip through the South. The next summer Barnicle, Alan Lomax, and African-American folklorist Zora Neale Hurston, whom Barnicle had met in New York City, made a trip to the Southeast to record African-American artists. The three recorded singers and storytellers in Frederica (St. Simon's Island), Georgia and in Hurston's all-black home town, Eatonville, Florida. Barnicle and Lomax then journeyed to the Bahamas, where they recorded ring shouts, game songs, hymns, and ballads. Barnicle kept a set of these recordings for her collection, while Lomax deposited another set in the Archive of American Folk Song at the Library of Congress.

Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Barnicle continued to teach and to make field recordings. As mentioned in the Cadle biographical sketch, it was in the late 1930s when Barnicle met Cadle in New York City through their mutual friend, Jim Garland. Barnicle and Cadle together recorded many Tennessee and Kentucky folk artists in their native regions. In addition, in the 1930s and 1940s, Barnicle recorded in New York City. There she recorded such notable singers as Huddie Ledbetter (Lead Belly), Aunt Molly Jackson, Jim Garland, Sarah Ogan Gunning, and Dick Maitland.

In 1947, Barnicle secured a position at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville. Following almost three years of teaching there, she retired. She and Cadle moved to Natick, Massachusetts in 1950. They resided there and in Worcester, Massachusetts until 1971, when they moved to Rich Mountain Gap. Barnicle died on November 26, 1978 and is buried in the Grandview Cemetery, Blount County, Tennessee.

SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE

The Barnicle-Cadle Collection consists of 580 discs, 1 box of black and white photographic prints, 4 reel-to-reel audio tapes, and 5 Hollinger boxes (2.5 linear feet) which contain record jackets, copies of those jackets, and song lyrics. Of the 580 discs, 567 are field recordings made by Barnicle and Cadle in the years from 1935 through the early 1950s.

The field recordings fall into two categories: 1) African-American folk culture and 2) Anglo-American folk culture. Included in the first category are spirituals, blues, ring shouts, and game songs recorded in Georgia, Florida and the Bahamas. Included in the second category are spirituals, traditional folk songs, sermons, bawdy songs, shanties, and political songs.

Other materials in the collection include four reel-to-reel audio tapes of a 1989 interview of Tillman Cadle, photographs taken at Cadle's Townsend, Tennessee home, record jackets and copies of those jackets, tape dubbing logs, and song lyrics found with the discs.

The collection is divided into two subgroups: Subgroup I, Biographical and Supporting Materials, 1935-c. 1955, 1989, Audio Tapes 1-4, Boxes 1-6; and Subgroup II, Field Recordings, 1935-c. 1955, Discs BC:1-580 in Boxes 7-15. Subgroup I is divided into four series: Series A, Interview with Tillman Cadle, September 8, 1989, Audio Tapes 1-4; Series B, Record Jackets (originals and copies) 1925-c. 1955, Boxes 1-4; Series C, Other Materials, ND and 1989, Box 5; and Series D, Photographs, 1989 and undated, Box 6. Subgroup II consists of eight series: Series A consists of the Florida and Georgia Recordings, Discs BC:1-24, 1935 Box 7; Series B includes the Bahamas Recordings, Discs BC:25-88a, 1935, Boxes 7 and 8; Series C contains New York Recordings, Discs BC:89-234, 1935, 1940, 1948-1949 and undated, Boxes 8-10. Series C includes recordings of Huddie Ledbetter (Lead Belly), Aunt Molly Jackson, and other New York recordings of traditional folk artists. Series D contains Pineville, Kentucky Recordings, Discs BC:235-320, 1938-39, 1950 and ND, Boxes 10-11. Series E includes Other Kentucky Recordings, Discs BC:321-393E, 1939, 1946, 1948-50, Boxes 11-12. Series F covers Tennessee and Virginia Recordings, Discs BC:394-473, 1939-40, 1945, 1947-48, Boxes 12-13. Series G, Locales Unknown, Discs BC:474-584, 1938-42 and undated, Boxes 13 and 14 contain recordings of Tillman Cadle, the Garland family and various other artists. Series H, Other Locales, Commercial Recordings and Blank Discs, consist of Discs BC:568-584, 1936-37 and undated, Box 15.

Indexes include: Subject Index, Song Title Index, Stories and Tales Index, Artist Index, and Geographic Index.

Important subjects and persons covered in the collection include the following:

African-Americans--Music
Bahamas--Songs and music
Ballads
Barnicle, Mary Elizabeth, d. 1979
Barnicle, Mary Frances
Bluegrass music
Blues (Music)
Cadle, Tillman, 1902-1994
Children's songs
Church of the Ten Elders (Pineville, Ky.)
Circle games
Coal mines and mining
Coal mines and mining--Songs and music
Dance music
Fiddle tunes
Garland, Jim, 1905-1978
Garland family
Ghost stories
Gunning, Sarah Ogan, 1910-1983
Hymns
Jack tales
Jackson, Aunt Molly
Lawson, Andy
Lawson, Anna
Lawson, Will
Leadbelly, 1885-1949
Maitland, Dick
McGhee, Brownie, 1915-
Music--Field work
Osborne Family (Musical group)
Pine Mountain Settlement School (Pine Mountain, Ky.)
Political ballads and songs
Political satire
Public worship
Railroads--Songs and music
Ring shouts
Ritchie Sisters (Musical group)
Rushing songs
Sea songs
Sermons
Shape note singing
Spirituals (Songs)
Tales
Terry, Sonny
Trade-unions
Voodooism--Haiti--Fiction
Voodooism--Haiti--Songs and music
Work songs
Working class--Songs and music

Return to Table of Contents

SERIES AND SUBSERIES DESCRIPTIONS
1935-ca.1955, 1989

Subgroup I, BIOGRAPHICAL AND SUPPORTING MATERIALS, 1935-c.1955, 1989 and undated, Boxes 1-6 and Audio Tapes 1-4.

This subgroup contains an interview of Tillman Cadle, the original disc jackets, copies of these jackets, written song lyrics found in the collection, photographs of Cadle and Center for Appalachian Studies and Services (CASS) staff members, and tape logs written upon the dubbing of the discs onto video and audio tape. The subgroup is divided into the following series: Series A, Interview with Tillman Cadle, September 8, 1989, Tapes 1-4; Series B, Disc Jackets, 1935-c.1955 (originals and copies), Boxes 1-4; Series C, Other Materials, 1989 and undated, Box 5; Series D, Photographs, 1989 and undated, Box 6.

Series A, INTERVIEW WITH TILLMAN CADLE, September 8, 1989, Audio Tapes 1-4.

This series consists of an interview with Cadle conducted by CASS staff member Tim Stafford on September 8, 1989 at Cadle's home in Rich Gap, Townsend, Tennessee. During the interview Cadle discussed biographical details about his life, as well as facets of his work as a labor organizer and folklorist. The interview was recorded on four reel-to-reel audiotapes.

Series B, DISC JACKETS, 1935-c. 1955, [ORIGINALS AND COPIES], Boxes 1-4.

This series contains the original disc jackets, together with copies of those jackets. Song titles and/or notations about the tune or the recording are written on the jacket. The jackets are numbered to correspond to the discs they originally contained.

Series C, OTHER MATERIALS, 1948, 1989, and undated, Box 5.

This series contains song lyrics and miscellaneous notes found among the discs and tape logs made during the dubbing of the discs. The lyrics and notes have been placed first and the logs second. The logs are arranged according to the numbering sequence assigned them at the time of dubbing.

Series D, PHOTOGRAPHS, 1989 and undated, Box 6.

This series consists of 39 black and white photographic prints and 24, 35 mm, negatives of the 39 prints. Fourteen prints are 4" x 6" and were taken of Cadle on September 8, 1989, the day Stafford interviewed Cadle at his Townsend, Tennessee home. Stafford, Charles Moore, and Richard Blaustein, all of CASS, took these photos. Twenty-four 35 mm negatives, which include the 14 images, are also contained in the series. Fifteen of the 38 black and white prints are 5" x 7". ETSU University Relations photographer Jim Sledge took these photos at Cadle's home on October 6, 1989, the day when Cadle relinquished his collection to the archives. Depicted in these photos are Cadle, Stafford, Blaustein and archives head Norma Myers. The prints are arranged chronologically, with the September 8^th prints and negatives placed first, and the October 6^th prints placed second. Each print has been numbered and duplicate images have been placed in envelopes.

Top of Series Description

Subgroup II, FIELD RECORDINGS, 1935-c. 1955, Discs BC:1-580, contained in Boxes 7-15.

Most of the field recordings were made by Mary Elizabeth Barnicle and Tillman Cadle. Some recordings, notably those in Series A, were made by Barnicle, folklorist and novelist Zora Neale Hurston, and folklorist Alan Lomax. Some recordings in Series B were made by Barnicle and Lomax. Where it is known who recorded the artist, either through the Library of Congress, Archive of Folk Song Check-List of Recorded Songs in the English Language in the Archive of American Folk Song to July 1940 (Washington, D. C., 1942; hereafter referred to as the LC Checklist) or through disc jacket notations, that information is noted on the detailed list. Where there is no notation as to who recorded the artist, it is assumed that either Barnicle or Cadle, or both of them, recorded the tune in question.

The discs include a variety of music which, nonetheless, can be placed into two broad categories: 1) African-American traditional music; and 2) Anglo-American traditional music. Included within these categories are African-American game songs, blues, work songs, and hymns; and Anglo-American ballads, hymns, and bawdy songs. Also included among the recordings are tall tales, stories, sermons, and ethnic songs.

The recordings are arranged by geographical location of recording sessions. In most instances, this helped preserve the integrity of the original arrangement since artists were recorded at particular sessions, and discs thus produced were kept together. Each series, then, is arranged according to geographical location, with subseries arranged either according to artist or date of recording. The discs in Subgroup II are numbered consecutively by numbers assigned to each disc. Many discs from particular sessions were numbered together, but there were various numbering sequences contained within the whole collection of discs. It was impossible, then, to follow any already existing numbering series.

It is likely that two sets existed of many of the recordings, especially those in Series A and Series B. According to Willie Smyth (Tennessee Folklore Society, Album Notes: TFS 108, The Barnicle Recordings, 1986, p. 5) Lomax deposited a set of the Florida, Georgia, and Bahamas recordings in the Archive of American Folk Song at the Library of Congress, while Barnicle kept another set for her own collection. Smyth also notes that according to the LC Check-List Barnicle donated to the Archive of Folk Song approximately 308 Bahamas titles, 173 Georgia and Florida titles, and 159 Kentucky titles, (p. 1). The 173 Georgia and Florida titles include discs from subsequent field trips, as there are only 76 discs from the 1935 trip. Almost all of the recordings in Series A and B are listed in the LC Checklist. In addition, a number of other recordings throughout Subgroup II also appeared in the LC list. This indicates that there were two copies of these recordings. Where appropriate the LC number is noted after each title. Where there are discrepancies in song title, artist's name, or date recorded, these discrepancies are so noted. Such discrepancies indicate the possibility that the LC disc and the Barnicle-Cadle disc are not the same recording.

Subgroup II is divided into series and subseries as follows: Series A, Georgia and Florida Recordings, Discs BC:1-24, 1935, Box 7; Series B, Bahamas Recordings, Discs BC:25-88b, 1935, Box 7-8; and Series C, New York Recordings, Discs BC:89-234, 1935, 1940, 1948-49 and undated, Box 8-10. Series D, Pineville, Kentucky Recordings, Discs BC:234-320 is divided into three subseries: Subseries 1, 1938 Recordings, Discs BC:235-288, Box 10; Subseries 2, 1939 Recordings, Discs BC:289-315, Box 11; and Subseries 3, 1950 and Undated Recordings, Discs BC:316-320, Box 11. Series E, includes Other Kentucky Recordings, Discs BC:321-393, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1942, 1946, 1948-50 and undated, Boxes 11-12. Series F, Tennessee and Virginia Recordings, 1939-40, 1945, 1947-48; and Series G, Locales Unknown, 1938-42 and undated. Series F includes Tennessee and Virginia Recordings, Discs BC:394-473, 1939-40, 1945, and 1947-48, Boxes 12-13. Series G consists of recordings from Locales Unknown, Discs BC:474-564, 1938-42 and undated, Boxes 13-14.

Abbreviation Key:

AL = Alan Lomax
BL = Bess Lomax
JAL = John A. Lomax
LC = Library of Congress Refers to Library of Congress, Archive of American Folk Song Checklist
MEB = Mary Elizabeth Barnicle
ND = No Date
ZNH = Zora Neale Hurston

Top of Series Description

Series A, GEORGIA AND FLORIDA RECORDINGS, Discs BC:1-24, 1935, Box 7.

This series contains African-American children's songs, game songs, hymns and spirituals, and work songs. The songs were recorded by Mary Elizabeth Barnicle, folklorist and novelist Zora Neale Hurston, and folklorist Alan Lomax on their 1935 field trip through Georgia and Florida. The Georgia recordings were made in a small black community near Fort Frederica, St. Simon's Island, Georgia. Since the jackets of these discs noted Frederica as the locale that name has been retained on the detailed list. The Florida recordings were made in Hurston's home town of Eatonville, an all-black community which was adjacent to the all-white town of Maitland, four miles northeast of Orlando (now part of metropolitan Orlando). Eatonville no longer exists, but if it did it would be located on the road that connects Highway 17 and Interstate 4.

The number of recordings made on the Georgia-Florida expedition and deposited in the Archive of American Folk Song (AAFS) was 76. According to Hurston's biographer Robert Hemenway, and according to the American Folklife Center of the Library of Congress, discs numbered AFS 309-385 comprise the total number of Georgia and Florida recordings made by Lomax, Barnicle, and Hurston, and deposited in the AAFS.

The persons responsible for recording the songs are noted, as is the Archive of American Folk-Song (AAFS) number.

Top of Series Description

Series B, BAHAMAS RECORDINGS, Discs BC:25-88b, 1935, Boxes 7-8.

Contained in this series are Bahamian folk songs, game songs, children's songs and dance music recorded by Barnicle and Lomax in 1935. Barnicle and Lomax traveled to the Bahamas in 1935 at the conclusion of their Florida-Georgia trip. There the two continued to make field recordings. The entire Bahamas series consists of almost 150 discs (AFS 386-535). According to Smyth, Lomax deposited his set in the AAFS, while Barnicle kept her set. Presumably, Barnicle's set is that contained in this collection. The detailed list notes who recorded the song, as well as the AAFS number.

Various types of African-American Bahamian music are included in Series B. Among these are ring plays, rushing songs, hymns, spirituals, working songs, Haitian voo-doo songs, and different types of dance music. A number of the artists are anonymous. Those identified artists include the Andros Island Men, Pappi, the Nassau String Quartet, and Ellen Remings.

Top of Series Description

Series C, NEW YORK RECORDINGS, Discs BC:89-234, 1935, 1940, 1948-49 and undated, Boxes 8-10.

This series contains recordings made in New York City by Barnicle and Cadle. Included in the series are recordings by Huddie Ledbetter (Lead Belly), Aunt Molly Jackson, Jim Garland, Si Burton, Dick Maitland, and Sonny Terry and Brownie McGhee. Numerous types of music are included in this series. Among these are blues, working songs, shanties, ballads, political songs and religious songs. There also are many stories and tales in the series. The series is divided into three subseries, 1-3, according to artist: Subseries 1, Huddie Ledbetter (Lead Belly), 1935, 1940, 1948-49 and undated; Subseries 2, Aunt Molly Jackson, 1939 and undated; and Subseries 3, Other New York Recordings, 1938, 1940, 1948 and undated. For each subseries, where the AAFS number and the individual who recorded the artist are known, these are so indicated for each disc.

Subseries 1, HUDDIE LEDBETTER (LEAD BELLY), Discs BC:89-137, 1935, 1940, 1948-49 and undated, Boxes 8-9.

This subseries contains recordings made primarily by Barnicle of Lead Belly. The subseries contains a variety of Lead Belly's music, ranging from work songs to blues to hymns and spirituals. The discs are arranged chronologically beginning with 1935 and ending with 1949. The undated discs have been placed last.

Subseries 2, AUNT MOLLY JACKSON, Discs BC:138-188, 1939 and undated, Box 9.

This subseries contains recordings of Jackson's music made while she resided in New York City. Among the types of songs sung by Jackson are political, coal mining, union, ballads, blues and religious. The discs are arranged chronologically, with the 1939 discs placed first, and the undated discs second.

Subseries 3, OTHER NEW YORK RECORDINGS, Discs BC:189-234G, 1938, 1940, 1948 and undated, Box 10.

This series includes all other recordings made in New York City. Such artists as Jim Garland, Sarah Garland (Sarah Ogan Gunning), Dick Maitland, Si Burton, and Sonny Terry and Brownie McGhee are represented in this series. Blues, religious songs, shanties, ballads, and ethnic songs are sung by the various artists. In addition, performers tell ghost stories, make animal sounds, and recite narratives about rural life. The discs are arranged alphabetically by name of artist, and then chronologically within each artist's group. Many of the Jim Garland, Jim and Sarah Garland and Dorothy Burton discs did not have a locale on the jacket or disc, but the dates matched their other sessions recorded in New York City. These discs are marked with a #.

Top of Series Description

Series D, PINEVILLE, KENTUCKY RECORDINGS, Discs BC:235-320.

This series contains all recordings made in Pineville, Kentucky, a small town located in Bell County in southeastern Kentucky. The series includes many different types of songs, among them, hymns, spirituals, ballads and coal mining songs. Among the artists represented in this series are Jim Garland, Clarice Garland, George Roark and John Hensley. In addition, a number of recordings were made of the services at the Church of the Ten Elders. The series is divided into three subseries, numbered 1-3, arranged chronologically according to date of recordings: Subseries 1, 1938 Recordings; Subseries 2, 1939 Recordings; and Subseries 3, 1950 and Undated Recordings. Within each subseries, the discs are arranged alphabetically by surname of the artist and then chronologically by date of that artist's recordings. Where known the AAFS number is indicated, as is the name of the individual who recorded the artist.

Subseries 1, 1938 RECORDINGS, Discs BC:235-288, Box 10.

Included in this subseries are recordings made in 1938 in Pineville. Represented in this subseries are hymns, spirituals, ballads, and coal mining songs. Services of the Church of the Ten Elders also are included in this subseries. Performers Jim Garland, Clarice Garland, George Roark and John Hensley are represented in this subseries. The discs are arranged first alphabetically by surname of artist, then chronologically by date of that artist's recordings.

Subseries 2, 1939 RECORDINGS, Discs BC:289-315, Box 11.

This subseries includes 1939 recordings made in Pineville. Ballads, railroad, coal mining and political songs, children's songs, hymns, spirituals and tales are included in the 1939 recordings. Artists represented include Findlay Donaldson, Mat Donaldson, and Charlie Doolan. The discs are arranged first alphabetically by surname of artist, then chronologically by date of that artist's recordings.

Subseries 3, 1950 AND UNDATED RECORDINGS, Discs BC:316-320, Box 11.

This subseries contains 1950 and undated Pineville recordings. The subseries includes spoken tales and hymns and spirituals. Bob Doolan, Granny Reid and the Church of the Ten Elders are represented in this subseries. The discs are arranged first alphabetically by surname of artist, then chronologically by date of that artist's recordings.

Top of Series Description

Series E, OTHER KENTUCKY RECORDINGS, Discs BC:321-393, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1942, 1946, 1948-50 and undated, Boxes 11-12.

This series contains recordings made in Kentucky locales other than Pineville. These locales include the following: Arjay, Colmans, Dorton Branch, Evarts, Middlesboro, Pine Mountain, Purrell, Sibert, Viper and Fraser Creek. Artists recorded include Findlay Donaldson, Tom Coots, Beulah Garland, Granny Reid, Monroe Turner, Ed Hunter, and Georgia Dodd and Fern Hayes. Types of music played include mandolin music, waltzes, hymns and spirituals, fiddle tunes, railroad songs, ballads and children's songs. Tales and stories also are told. The discs are arranged alphabetically by geographic location, then chronologically by date, and alphabetically by surname of performer. The exception to this system of arrangement are the Fraser Creek discs, which have been placed at the end of the series. These discs originally had been placed in another series by mistake. Where known the AAFS number and the name of the person who made the recording are indicated for the individual disc.

Top of Series Description

Series F, TENNESSEE AND VIRGINIA RECORDINGS, Discs BC:394-473, 1939-40, 1945, and 1947-48, Boxes 12-13.

This series contains discs recorded in Tennessee and Virginia locales, including Byington, Concord, Jellico, Knoxville, Philadelphia, Townsend, and Wear Valley, Tennessee; and Roda, Virginia. Performers recorded include the following: Benjamin Harrison Kelley, Wash Redman, Tillman Cadle, William P. Reece, the Smoky Mountain Children, Charlie Avery and Bud Green, and Jack Johnson. Various types of music are played. Among these are children's songs, fiddle music, ballads, banjo music, hymns and spirituals, and waltzes. The Tennessee discs are placed first and the Virginia discs second. Within each group the discs are arranged alphabetically by surname of artist.

Top of Series Description

Series G, LOCALES UNKNOWN, Discs, BC:474-564, 1938-42 and undated, Boxes 13-14.

This series contains discs for which the location of the recording session is unknown. The series includes a number of artists, among them Tillman Cadle, Jim Garland, Sarah Garland Ogan, Mary Frances Barnicle, Mary Elizabeth Barnicle, the Lawson family, and Robert Behrens. Performers tell tales and stories, and sing ballads, hobo songs, hymns and spirituals, union songs, railroad songs, animal songs, and shape-note hymns. The series is divided into four subseries numbered 1-4, according to artist. These subseries are: Subseries 1, Tillman Cadle, 1939-40 and undated; Subseries 2, The Garland Family, 1939; Subseries 3, Other Artists, 1938-42 and undated; and Subseries 4, Artists Unverified or Unknown, 1946 and undated.

Subseries 1, TILLMAN CADLE RECORDINGS, Discs BC:474-497, 1939-40 and undated, Box 13.

This subseries contains songs sung by and tales and stories told by Tillman Cadle at unknown locales. Cadle sang ballads, hymns and spirituals, and protest songs. The discs are arranged chronologically with July 1939 and August 1939 discs placed first, and the undated discs second.

Subseries 2, THE GARLAND FAMILY RECORDINGS, Discs BC:498-520, 1939, Box 14.

This subseries contains those Garland family discs recorded at unknown locales. Members of the Garland family represented in this subseries are: Bob Garland, Jim Garland and Sarah Garland (Sarah Garland Ogan). Discs are arranged chronologically, beginning with July 1939 and ending with December 14, 1939. Undated discs have been placed after the dated discs. Types of music represented in this subseries include ballads, hymns and spirituals, working songs and railroad songs.

Subseries 3, OTHER ARTISTS, Discs BC:521-544; BC:550-564, 1938-42 and undated, Box 14.

This series contains other artists not represented in the previous two subseries. These artists include the Adams Quartet, Mary Frances Barnicle (Mary Elizabeth's mother), Mary Elizabeth Barnicle, Robert Behrens and the Lawson family. Among the types of music included in the subseries are ballads, shape-note singing and hymns and spirituals. Animal stories and tall tales are also represented in this subseries.

Subseries 4, ARTISTS UNVERIFIED OR UNKNOWN, Discs BC556-564, 1946 and undated, Box 14.

This subseries contains discs whose artists are unknown or unverified. In some cases, as noted, Smyth's list contains titles with specific artists. The titles in this subseries do not match Smyth's listing. Neither the disc itself, nor the disc jacket, had written on it any artist's name. The discs are arranged numerically by assigned number.

Top of Series Description

Series H, OTHER LOCALES, COMMERCIAL RECORDINGS AND BLANK DISCS, Discs BC:565-584, 1936 and undated, Boxes 14-15.

This series includes titles recorded in previously unrepresented locales, commercial recordings, and blank discs. These titles probably are duplicates of Library of Congress/Archive of American Folk Song recordings. Artists recorded include Dobie Red, Field Ward and the Bogtrotters Band, and Allen Prothero. Fiddle music, working songs, and ballads were recorded on these discs. The first two discs are arranged alphabetically by surname of artists, with the disc by "Group of Negro Convicts" placed third. The commercial recordings follow. These are arranged alphabetically by surname of artist. The blank discs have been placed last.

Top of Series Description

Return to Table of Contents

BOX, FOLDER, AND DISC LIST

Subgroup I, BIOGRAPHICAL AND SUPPORTING MATERIALS, 1935-c.1955, 1989 and undated, Boxes 1-6 and Audio Tapes 1-4.

Return to Series Description

Series A, INTERVIEW WITH TILLMAN CADLE, September 8, 1989, Audio Tapes 1-4.

Return to Series Description

Series B, DISC JACKETS, 1935-c. 1955, [ORIGINALS AND COPIES], Boxes 1-4.

Return to Series Description

Box 1

1. Original Jackets: Discs BC:1-24.
2. Original Jackets: Discs BC:25-88B.
3. Original Jackets: Discs BC:89-136.
4. Original Jackets: Discs BC:137-156.
5. Original Jackets: Discs BC:157-187.
6. Original Jackets: Discs BC:188-234.

Box 2

1. Original Jackets: Discs BC:244-343.
2. Original Jackets: Discs BC:344-427.
3. Original Jackets: Discs BC:449-520.
4. Original Jackets: Discs BC:522-567.
5. Original Jackets: Unnumbered.

Box 3

1. Frederica, Georgia and Eatonville, Florida, Discs BC:1-24, June 1935.
2. Bahamas: Discs BC:25-56, July-August 1935.
3. Bahamas: Discs BC:57-88, July-August 1935.
4. New York Recordings: Huddie Ledbetter (Lead Belly), Discs BC:89-137, 1935, 1940, 1948.
5. New York Recordings: Aunt Molly Jackson, Discs BC:138-187, 1939 and undated.
6. Other New York Recordings: Discs BC:189-234g, 1938, 1940, 1948 and undated.
7. Pineville, Kentucky: Discs BC:235-288, 1938-1939, 1940, 1948 and undated.
8. Pineville, Kentucky: Discs BC:289-320, 1938-1939, 1950 and undated.
9. Other Kentucky Recordings: Discs BC:321-348, 1938-1940 and undated.
10. Other Kentucky Recordings: Discs BC:349-366, 1942, 1949.
11. Other Kentucky Recordings: Discs BC:367-393E, 1939, 1946, 1948.
12. Tennessee and Virginia: Discs BC:394-425, 1945, 1947-1948 and undated.

Box 4

1. Tennessee and Virginia: Discs BC:426-452, 1940, 1948.
2. Tennessee and Virginia: Discs BC:453-473, 1940, 1948.
3. Locales Unknown: Discs BC:474-497, 1939-1940 and undated.
4. Locales Unknown: Discs BC:498-520, 1938-1939 and undated.
5. Locales Unknown: Discs BC:521-564, 1938, 1940-1942 and undated.
6. Other Locales and Commercial Recordings; Discs BC:551-580 (incomplete series), 1936 and undated.
7. Jacket and Label Copies - Extras (various discs).

Series C, OTHER MATERIALS, 1948, 1990-92 and undated, Box 4-5.

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Box 4

8. Song Lyrics: Originals. Discs BC:56, 82, 113, 207, 282, 407, 567, 509, 522-525, 550. Two unnumbered: "Pretty Polly" and "Omee Wise", undated.
9. Song Lyrics: Copies. Discs BC:210, 390A2, 407, 408, 551. Two unnumbered: "Pretty Polly" and "Omee Wise", undated.
10. Miscellaneous written documents (originals), 1948 and undated.
11. Miscellaneous written documents (copies), 1948 and undated; used cutting needles.

Box 5

1. Tape Logs, pp. 1-80, Discs BC:1-80, 1990.
2. Tape Logs, pp. 81-142, Discs BC:81-142, 1990.
3. Tape Logs, pp. 143-230, Discs BC:143-227, 1990-91.
4. Tape Logs, pp. 231-308, Discs BC:228-298, 1990-91.
5. Tape Logs, pp. 309-379, Discs BC:299-369, 1991-92.
6. Tape Logs, pp. 380-449, Discs BC:370-441, 1991-92.
7. Tape Logs, pp. 450-515, Discs BC:442-507, 1991-92.
8. Tape Logs, pp. 516-571, Discs BC:508-567, 88B, 569-580, 1991-92.

Series D, PHOTOGRAPHS, 1989 and undated, Box 6.

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Box 6

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Subgroup II, FIELD RECORDINGS, 1935-c. 1955, Discs BC:1-580, contained in Boxes 7-15.

50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550
Click on a number to go to that disc number in the list.

Abbreviation Key:

AL = Alan Lomax
BL = Bess Lomax
JAL = John A. Lomax
LC = Library of Congress Refers to Library of Congress, Archive of American Folk Song Checklist
MEB = Mary Elizabeth Barnicle
ND = No Date
ZNH = Zora Neale Hurston

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Series A, GEORGIA AND FLORIDA RECORDINGS, Discs BC:1-24, 1935, Box 7.

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Box 7

Series B, BAHAMAS RECORDINGS, Discs BC: 25-88b, 1935, Boxes 7-8.

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Box 7 (cont.)